拖拉机上悬挂的横幅包括“如果你热爱地球,就支持那些耕地的人”“没有农民,就没有食物”以及“乌苏拉(即欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩),我们来了(Ursula, we are here)!”。外媒认为,欧洲农民们本次“围困欧盟总部”加大对欧盟领导人压力,标志着欧洲范围内抗议活动的最新升级。只能说欧洲不愧是革命老区。事实上,欧洲农民抗议活动已经持续有一段时间了。为了应对财政危机,德国政府在2023年底删减农用柴油的税赋减免,成为引爆农民怒火的导火线。2023年12月,德国爆发农民抗议示威,要求政府放弃削减农业补贴,扶植农业发展。尽管德国政府做出部分让步,但德国农民抗议活动仍绵延数月。
尽管事件看似暂时平稳了,但为何欧洲农民们不惜“两败俱伤”也要堵路抗议更值得深思。毕竟,如果不是没得选,谁会放着好好的地不种而出来闹事呢?纵观近期系列抗议活动,各国农民最关心的问题不尽相同,但原因基本大同小异。德国农民抗议政府削减柴油补贴、取消农业补贴计划;波兰和罗马尼亚的农民抗议乌克兰的过境谷物流入当地市场,拉低价格;法国农民则指责大盘商收购价格太低,在田野工作之外,还要填写各式各样冗长繁复的行政表格;意大利的抗议把箭头指向欧盟的“绿色协议”(Green Deal),抱怨其中的“从农场到餐桌”(farm to fork)和生物多样性政策,是在扼杀农业和农村;西班牙农民抗议南方共同市场和欧盟之间的自由贸易协定谈判。
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